The NULLIFICATION CRISIS was a conflict between the U.S. state of South Carolina and the federal government of the United States in 1832–33. It was driven by South Carolina politician John C. Calhoun, who opposed the federal imposition of the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 and argued that the U.S. Constitution gave states the right to block the enforcement of a federal law. In November 1832 South Carolina adopted the Ordinance of Nullification, declaring the tariffs null, void, and nonbinding in the state. U.S. Pres. Andrew Jackson responded in December by issuing a proclamation that asserted the supremacy of the federal government.
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "nullification crisis". Encyclopedia Britannica, 29 Jul. 2021, https://www.britannica.com/topic/nullification-crisis. Accessed 19 October 2021.
NULLIFICATION CONTROVERSY
Eric Foner and John A. Garraty. The Reader's Companion to American History. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, Dec 1, 1991.
Defending the Union: Andrew Jackson's Nullification Proclamation and American Federalism
Brogdon, Matthew S. The Review of Politics; Notre Dame Vol. 73, Iss. 2, (Spring 2011): 245-273.
Nullification Crisis
Encyclopedia Britannica. (Sep 25, 2019)
Nullification Crisis
Britannica School, Encyclopædia Britannica, 29 Jul. 2021.
The Nullification Crisis and Republican Subversion
The Journal of Southern History, Vol. 43, No. 1 (Feb., 1977), pp. 19-38 (20 pages)
The Nullification Crisis, American Republicanism, and the Force Bill Debate
The Journal of Southern History, Vol. 61, No. 2 (May, 1995), pp. 249-270 (22 pages)
The New York-New Jersey Boundary Controversy, John Marshall and the Nullification Crisis
Journal of the Early Republic, Vol. 12, No. 2 (Summer, 1992), pp. 195-212 (18 pages)
Government & Economics: Nullification Crisis of 1832: precursor to Civil War
The Union Pie No. 1', circa 1833
Cartoon showing John Bull standing ready to feed on The United States representing the Nullification crisis created by South Carolina.
Nullification. Photographer. Britannica ImageQuest, Encyclopædia Britannica, 25 May 2016.
quest.eb.com/search/115_2825998/1/115_2825998/cite. Accessed 18 Nov 2021.
A South Carolina belle sewing a defiant palmetto cockade at the time of the Nullification Ordinance of 1832.
NULLIFICATION CRISIS, 1832. Wood engraving, American, 19th century.. Fine Art. Britannica ImageQuest, Encyclopædia Britannica, 25 May 2016.
quest.eb.com/search/140_1655028/1/140_1655028/cite. Accessed 18 Nov 2021.
Nullification Crisis Cartoon - shows the manufacturing North getting fat at Southern expense.
nullification controversy cartoon . image. Britannica School, Encyclopædia Britannica, 13 Nov. 2021. school.eb.com/levels/high/assembly/view/113277. Accessed 18 Nov. 2021.